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Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Calculator

Bedside neurological assessment with adult and pediatric scoring, severity bands and intubation guidance. Calculations run locally in your browser.

Eye opening / 4

Verbal response / 5

Motor response / 6

GCS Score

Disclaimer: This calculator is a clinical decision aid, not a substitute for bedside judgment. Score every component before sedation or paralysis where possible, document the breakdown (e.g. E3V4M5 = 12), and reassess serially. Pupil reactivity and focal deficits are not part of GCS but should be documented alongside it. Use the pediatric scale for children under 5 years and preverbal infants.

Frequently asked questions

How is GCS different from the FOUR score?

The FOUR (Full Outline of UnResponsiveness) score replaces verbal response with brainstem reflexes and respiratory pattern, so it is usable in intubated and sedated ICU patients where verbal scoring is not possible. GCS remains the standard for ED triage, trauma documentation and prehospital handover; FOUR is a complement, not a replacement.

When should I use the pediatric GCS?

Use the pediatric modification (verbal and motor descriptors adapted by James 1986 / Reilly et al.) for children under 5 years and any preverbal child. Above 5 years and developmentally typical, the standard adult scale applies.

What is the intubation threshold?

A GCS of 8 or below is the conventional indication to consider definitive airway protection ("GCS ≤8, intubate"), but the decision is clinical: trajectory, gag reflex, vomiting, expected transport time and aspiration risk all weigh in. A falling GCS by 2 points or more also warrants reassessment of airway.

Is GCS reliable in alcohol intoxication?

Acute alcohol intoxication can lower GCS independently of brain injury, but you should never attribute a low GCS to alcohol alone in a trauma patient. Image the head, treat as TBI until proven otherwise, and reassess as the alcohol clears.

References

  1. Teasdale G, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 1974;2(7872):81–84.
  2. James HE. Neurologic evaluation and support in the child with an acute brain insult. Pediatr Ann 1986;15(1):16–22.
  3. Reilly PL, Simpson DA, Sprod R, Thomas L. Assessing the conscious level in infants and young children: a paediatric version of the Glasgow Coma Scale. Childs Nerv Syst 1988;4(1):30–33.
  4. Teasdale G, Maas A, Lecky F, Manley G, Stocchetti N, Murray G. The Glasgow Coma Scale at 40 years: standing the test of time. Lancet Neurol 2014;13(8):844–854.

Compatible with current Indian ED workflows and NABH documentation requirements. Always record the breakdown (E_V_M_) alongside the total.